Metal clinching is a cost effective process of joining sheets of metal without the sparks, fumes and potential material damage that can be caused by spot welding. Basically, this quick and easy metal fastening method does not create heat, or require pre-drilled holes.
Clinching, also known as press joining, is a high-speed method of effectively and safely joining sheet metal pieces. The tools used in this method are a die and a punch. The main types of dies used are a “fixed” and “movable” component. The punch is used to force two layers of sheet metal into the cavity of the die, which forms a permanent connection.
The metal sheet pieces are squeezed between the die and the punch, and the material is expelled sideways forming a “Clinchlok”. The amount of pressure that is applied has a direct impact on the life expectancy of the die and punch tools, and also the strength of the joint.
The die is specialty designed, so that the Clinchlok “mushrooms”. The punch, also has a special design that is round, not sharp like other typical- type tools.
When materials of different thickness are to be joined, the ideal results happen when the thicker piece is placed on the upper side (known as the punch). It is important to note, that the thicker piece of material should not exceed double the thickness of the thinner piece.
Some of the more common materials that benefit from the clinching process, include:
- Ductile aluminum alloys and other types of lightweight material.
- Stainless steel.
- Micro-alloyed steels.
- Pre-painted, organic and/or zinc-coated steel.
- Low carbon steels.
Metal clinching is a process that is used in the automotive industry, as well as the electronic industry. This cold forming process is often preferred over spot welding, because fumes and/or sparks are not generated.
The benefits of using the metal clinching method include:
1) No heat, adhesives, bolts or rivets are used in this process.
2) No electrical hookup is required.
3) It is a fast and consistent way to join metal.
4) Damage to metal pieces during this process is little to none.
5) Safe and clean working environment.
6) It is a cost effective way to join metal material.
7) Able to join together dissimilar types of material.
8) Machine maintenance is minimal.
9) The tool life is exceptional (usually 200,000 joints)
10) It can be portable, which is an option that increases its’ versatility.
11) The machines can be customized to meet the needs of the task.
12) Pre-painted metal pieces can be joined, which is perfect for the appliance industry, as painted surfaces will not become damaged during assembly.
Clinching is one of the newer technologies used for joining sheet metal. It can replace the method of riveting in the automobile industry. Clinching is a method that has quickly been accepted, and it is a very important part of the automobile industry, when it comes to fastening aluminum panels, deck lids and hoods, for example.